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WAN Network Protocols - DSL, SONET, DWDM, HDLC, DLSW+

Overview

This article discusses some of the most implemented WAN protocols in enterprise networking environments today including HDLC, DSL, SONET, DWDM, and DLSW+

High Level Data Link Control (HDLC)

HDLC is a Cisco proprietary protocol for designed for sending data across serial links. It defines an encapsulation method at the data link layer for transporting data over a public or private network. This protocol is utilized for Leased Line TDM circuits. TDM circuits are probably the oldest circuit types originating from circuit switching technology used by the public switched telephone network that carries your phone traffic. The difference is that companies transporting data traffic require circuit speeds of 256 Kbps to 45 Mbps. That is a data grade circuit which requires equipment at both ends of what is a phone line, for conditioning and formatting the data for those speeds.

The TDM network works with increments called digital signal zero's (DS-0). A DS-0 is a 64 Kbps channel (56 Kbps if in-band signaling used) that is part of the DS-1 industry standard specification. A DS-1 defines a framing standard for transmission across a T1 circuit at 1.544 Mbps with 24 DS-0 channels. A DS-3 defines a framing standard for transmission across a T3 circuit at 44.736 Mbps with 28 DS-1 channels. Some service providers offer what is called Fractional T1 (Frac T1). It is a circuit that runs at a speed less than 1.544 Mbps since it is a subset group of the 24 channels.

The common Fractional T1 speed is 384 Kbps, which is comprised of 6 DS-0 channels. Many router serial interfaces have a feature that split or channelize a T1 circuit. That is useful if you don't want to pay for a full T1 circuit. It does that by differentiating each specific channel from the full T1 circuit. Europe uses somewhat different circuit speed standards called E1and E3. The E1 circuit is comprised of 30 DS-0 channels and runs at 2.048 Mbps while E3 is comprised of 20 T1 channels and runs at 34.368 Mbps.

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

Digital Subscriber Line is a newer broadband technology being utilized for remote dial and access office connectivity. It is very cost effective when compared with ISDN and T1circuits since it is faster and less expensive. The issue with DSL is that you must be located no more than 18,000 feet from the service provider central office. The demand for high speed Internet access has service providers installing DSL terminating equipment at many central offices. That will increase the chances for availability in your neighborhood if it isn't an option today.  The current specification defines three primary technologies, which are Asymmetric DSL (ADSL), Very High Data Rate DSL (VDSL) and Symmetric DSL (SDSL).

Asymmetric DSL (ADSL) as the name suggests is asymmetric technology, which allows faster downstream speeds from the service provider to the client than upstream speeds from the client to the service provider. That design matches the flow of Internet and video applications since they typically have the client downloading more information than sending it. Depending on the distance from the service provider central office, downstream speeds can be faster than 6 Mbps and upstream speeds can be as much as 640 Kbps. Being conservative with bridge taps and using increased wire diameter (gauge) will increase traffic rates as well from client to service provider.

The ADSL router or modem at the client will interface with a standard 2 pair telephone line, which is terminated at the service provider DSL Access Multiplexer (DSLAM). At that point the service provider will cross connect their DSLAM with a variety of different equipment such as T1, T3, SONET, Frame Relay, ATM or DSL circuits for transmission across the Internet or to a different central office. As mentioned some clients will utilize ADSL for line sharing their phone calls as well. The DSLAM will split off voice traffic from the data traffic and routed to a Class 5 switch where it is sent across the PSTN using a protocol such as SS7. Many business clients will opt for an additional data line, which is an increased cost however if the voice line isn't available that doesn't affect their Internet connection.

Very High Rate DSL (VDSL) is a higher speed DSL specification that will transmit data at distances between 1,000 feet and 4,500 feet across copper telephone lines. Distances of approximately 1000 feet will support speeds of 55 Mbps while distances of 4,500 feet will support an approximate speed of 12 Mbps. There are some technical differences with line encoding however the modem will split off the telephone service as does ADSL for phone calls.

Symmetric DSL (SDSL) is somewhat new and as the name suggests transmits data in both directions at T1 speeds. The distance specification from the central office is 21,000 feet and it should be noted that there must be a separate phone line since SDSL won't split off phone traffic. That is currently an issue that is being addressed and should be available this year. SDSL is an always-on service, which reduces the issues with call setup. That and the higher upstream traffic rates make it better suited for web hosting applications since your file downloads sent with downstream traffic is sent with their upstream traffic. There are tremendous opportunities for service providers to sell cost effective high speed Internet access to many clients across the United States today. Telecommuters and business clients can reduce costs with higher speed circuits for sending voice and data from home, access and distribution offices across the Internet.   

SONET/SDH

The Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) specification describes a high speed fiber technology used by service providers for transporting voice and data traffic. A SONET network is built with a series of ring segments that are inter-connected. Each SONET segment is comprised of dual counter rotating rings for link diversity should one of the rings be unavailable. The standard OC-1 interface is 51.8 Mbps. The SONET network ring is built with Add/Drop Multiplexers (ADM) which terminate the SONET signal at various metropolitan and national locations. They are Time Division Multiplexers that mux/demux SONET signals from an OC-12 to OC-48 traffic stream. Each ADM has an active and a standby connection to the SONET ring. When a network failure with the active connection is detected, the standby connection is immediately activated. The SONET frame structure is 810 bytes that is comprised of overhead and payload bytes. The overhead is comprised of section and line signaling. The payload bytes are comprised of path signaling and payload. Customer routers such as the Cisco 7507 that support OC-3 interfaces that can interface with an ADM.

Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM)

Dense Wave Division Multiplexers (DWDM) are used to multiplex optical signals at various wavelengths onto a single fiber strand for transport across an optical network at speeds from OC-48 to OC-192. Each wavelength can run at speeds of up to 10 Gbps. Current optical systems can multiplex as many as 100 wavelengths or channels per fiber strand which is almost 1 Terabit (1000 Gbps) aggregate speed. Current efforts are focused on developing multi-terabit transport on 1 fiber strand. This technology is somewhat of a demarcation between the fastest enterprise core networks and the long haul ISP core networks which aggregate hundreds of enterprise customers. The enterprise customer can connect with DWDM networks using ATM switches and IP routers with OC-48 interfaces. Public and private SONET network providers have rings that connect using equipment with interfaces running at OC-48 speeds as well. The Cisco 12016 Gigabit switch router is available with OC-48 interfaces. Companies today are utilizing 400 OC-48 router interfaces at the 12016 to build a Terabit WAN core.

Data Link Switching (DLSW+)   

Data Link Switching is a Layer 2 protocol used for encapsulating SNA frames across an IP WAN. It is an IP encapsulation method that integrates SNA workstations and servers with the IP enterprise network. Encapsulation of SNA is required since there is no Layer 3 addressing defined with its protocol stack. Routers that are configured with DLSW+ will establish peer relationships with local and remote DLSW+ routers. Each SNA Frame is encapsulated in an IP packet before it is sent across the WAN to a peer router configured with DLSW+. Each local router will terminate LLC2 data link layer frames from each workstation and send local acknowledgments to each local workstation as packets are sent and received. That eliminates LLC2 timeout issues that can occur between workstation and server when acknowledgments must travel across a congested WAN circuit.

SNA is connection-oriented and must receive data link acknowledgments every few seconds or the session will timeout. Bridge protocols such as Source Route Bridging (SRB) limit the number of bridges and rings that an SNA packet can span. There is no issue with the number of Rings utilized with DLSW+ since the RIF field is terminated at the router. DLSW+ integrates many different data link technologies such as Ethernet, Token Ring, SDLC and Frame Relay. There is a translation as well between different frame types such as Ethernet and Token Ring at each router for those data link technologies. Promiscuous mode is configured at DLSW+ routers which allows for many connections from remote peer routers. An example would be 7500 Data Center routers that have peer connections from many distribution offices.

Shaun Hummel is author of Network Planning and Design Guide available at amazon.com and CiscoDesignBooks.com featuring Networking Books, eBooks, Certifications, Articles and Design Tools.

About the Author

Shaun Hummel, CCNP, is a Senior Network Engineer with 11 years experience in enterprise network planning, design, and implementation. He has worked for various private and public companies in Canada and the United States improving infrastructure, security, and management. He has written Network Planning and Design Guide, Cisco Wireless Network Design Guide and Network Assessment Guide. http://www.ciscodesignbooks.com

IBM / IBM Nortel Copper Gigabit Ethernet Switch Module / 32R1860 $1025.92 IBM - IBM Nortel Copper Gigabit Ethernet Switch Module - 32R1860

HP Transceiver 1000Base-T ProCurve Switch GigaBit Copper Stacking Single J4116A $71.2 HP Transceiver 1000Base-T ProCurve Switch GigaBit Copper Stacking Single J4116A

SMC SMC8612XL3 12-Ports SFP GigaBit Layer 3 Switch w/ 4-Ports GigaBit Copper Uplinks $1414.78 SMC SMC8612XL3 12-Ports SFP GigaBit Layer 3 Switch w/ 4-Ports GigaBit Copper Uplinks

NETGEAR 8PT COPPER GIGABIT SWITCH GS108NA $94.75 Ethernet switches can replace or augment hubs in networks where high volumes are common. Switches segment the traffic into smaller subnetworks each subnetwork consisting of a single PC/Server connection or a hub with a number of connected users. Each of these downstream subnets then handles network traffic independent of the others. A switch manages the network traffic more intelligently so that multiple separate conversations can occur simultaneously (rather like a telephone system). Any two ports on the switch can have a dedicated connection between them while another two ports can have the same. This gives a considerable increase in performance. NETGEAR Ethernet switches combine 10Mbps 100Mbps and 1000Mbps speeds in a variety of configurations. This gives bandwidthhungry users extra speed by using a dedicated connection while the entire office continues to enjoy optimal performance.nbsp;NETGEAR GS108 Copper Gigabit Switch Switch 8 ports EN Fast EN Gigabit EN 10BaseT 100BaseTX 1000BaseT

TRENDnet TEGS224 26port Copper Gigabit Switch $153.91 24 x 10/100Mbps Autonegotiation MDIX Fast Ethernet Ports. 2 x 10/100/1000Mbps Autonegotiation AutoMDIX Gigabit Ports. Full/Half duplex transfer mode for each port (full duplex mode only for Gigabit). Store and Forward switching method. 8.8 Gbps Switching Fabric. Integrated address LookUp Engine with 8K absolute MAC address table. Supports 2.5MB RAM data buffering. IEEE 802.3 x flow control for Full Duplex mode. Back pressure flow control for Half Duplex mode. Extensive FrontPanel Diagnostic LEDs. Standard 19 Rackmount design. Form Factor: Rack Mountable. Device Type: Network Switch. RJ45 Ports: 26. Switch Fabric: 4.8Gbps. Switching Method: StoreandForward. MAC Address Table: 8K. 10/100 Mbps Ports: 24. 10/100/1000 Mbps Ports: 2. Networking Standards: IEEE 802.3i 10BaseT Ethernet IEEE 802.3u 100BaseTX Fast Ethernet IEEE 802.3x Flow Control IEEE 802.3ab Gigabit Ethernet. Ethernet: CAT5 CAT6. Management: Unmanaged. Dimensions: 17.32 x 5.5 x 1.73 .

Netgear / Netgear Copper Gigabit Ethernet Switch GS105 5port 10/100/1000 Retail / GS105NA $62.36 Netgear - Netgear Copper Gigabit Ethernet Switch GS105 5port 10/100/1000 Retail - GS105NA

IBM Nortel Layer 2/3 Copper GBE Switch Module 6-Ports GigaBit EN Plug-in Module EL4512029 $884.17 IBM Nortel Layer 2/3 Copper GBE Switch Module 6-Ports GigaBit EN Plug-in Module EL4512029

IBM Nortel Layer 2/3 Copper GBE Switch Module 6-Ports GigaBit EN Plug-in Module 32R1860 $740.88 IBM Nortel Layer 2/3 Copper GBE Switch Module 6-Ports GigaBit EN Plug-in Module 32R1860

IBM Nortel Layer 2/3 Copper GBE Switch Module 6-Ports GigaBit EN Plug-in Module 32R1863 $884.17 IBM Nortel Layer 2/3 Copper GBE Switch Module 6-Ports GigaBit EN Plug-in Module 32R1863

IBM Nortel Networks Layer 2-3 GigaBit Ethernet (GBE) Switch Module (6-Ports copper) 26K6526 $221.59 IBM Nortel Networks Layer 2-3 GigaBit Ethernet (GBE) Switch Module (6-Ports copper) 26K6526

IBM Nortel Networks Layer 2-3 GigaBit Ethernet (GBE) Switch Module (6-Ports copper) 26K6526 26K6530 $327.75 IBM Nortel Networks Layer 2-3 GigaBit Ethernet (GBE) Switch Module (6-Ports copper) 26K6526 26K6530

IBM Nortel Layer 2-3 Copper GigaBit Switch Module Ethernet 1Gbps 6-Ports For the IBM eServer BladeCenter 26K6530 $221.59 IBM Nortel Layer 2-3 Copper GigaBit Switch Module Ethernet 1Gbps 6-Ports For the IBM eServer BladeCenter 26K6530

Cisco SLM2024 24-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch $308.99 (2 Total) SFP (mini-GBIC) 1.70" Height x 17.32" Width x 10.12" Depth 10/100/1000Base-T 100 V AC to 240 V AC 110 V AC 2 220 V AC 24 35.71Mpps Forwarding Rate 48Gbps Switching Capacity Non-blocking 6.83 lb DHCP IEEE 802.1p QoS IEEE 802.1Q Tag-Based VLAN Built-in Web UI for easy browser-based configuration (HTTP) SLM2024 24-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch AC Power Cord Rack Mounting Kits with Bracket and Hardware 1 x CD with User Guide in PDF Format 1 x Online Registration Card 24 high-speed ports optimized to support bandwidth-intensive applications The SLM2024 24-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch offers 24 x 10/100/1000 Gigabit Copper ports with two (2) shared copper or optical (SFP) uplink interfaces for connecting the switch to the core network. The SLM2024 simplified user interface is an intuitive management tool enabling you to quickly utilize the comprehensive feature-set of the switch, resulting in a better optimized network. Category 5 UTP 10/100Base-TX Category 5e UTP 1000Base-T Cisco Cisco Systems, Inc Ethernet Switch Power Supply SLM2024 SLM2024 24-port Gigabit Ethernet Switch Yes www.cisco.com

ProCurve Switch 2915-8G-PoE Switch $963.99 The HP ProCurve 2915-8G-PoE Switch is a fully managed 8-port 10/100/1000 switch with an additional 2 dual-personality Gigabit ports for copper or SFP connectivity.

Cisco SLM248G 48-port Gigabit Smart Ethernet Switch $304.99 (2 Total) SFP (mini-GBIC) 1.70" Height x 17.32" Width x 10.12" Depth 10.12Mpps Forwarding Rate 10/100/1000Base-T 10/100Base-TX 100 V AC to 240 V AC 110 V AC 13.6Gbps Switching Capacity Non-blocking 2 220 V AC 48 6.83 lb DHCP/BootP Client IEEE 802.1p QoS IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Built-in Web UI for easy browser-based configuration (HTTP) SLM248G 48-port Gigabit Smart Ethernet Switch Rack Mounting Kits with Bracket and Hardware 1 x CD with User Guide in PDF Format 1 x Online Registration Card Connect up to 24 network devices-PCs, printers, access points, and servers-to share and transfer files and videos across your network The SLM248G offers forty eight (48) 10/100 Copper ports with two (2) shared Gigabit copper or optical (SFP) uplink interfaces for connecting the switch to the core network. The SLM248G simplified user interface is an intuitive management tool enabling you to quickly utilize the comprehensive feature-set of the switch, resulting in a better optimized network. Category 5 UTP 10/100Base-TX Category 5e UTP 1000Base-T Cisco Cisco Systems, Inc Ethernet Switch Power Supply SLM248G SLM248G 48-port Gigabit Smart Ethernet Switch Yes www.cisco.com

Web Smart 24-Port Gigabit Switch $467.99 The D-Link DGS-1210-24 is the latest Web Smart switch to feature D-Link Green technology. Equipped with 20 10/100/1000Mbps ports and four combo 10/100/1000BASE-T/SFP ports, the DGS-1210-24 integrates advanced management and security functions that provide performance and scalability. Management options for the DGS-1210-24 include SNMP, Web Management, SmartConsole Utility, and Compact Command Lines, while also supporting ACL filtering and the D-Link Safeguard Engine™. The DGS-1210-24 uses Auto Voice VLAN, ensuring higher priority for voice traffic. The DGS-1210-24 comes in a fanless design with a 19-inch metal case, allowing for quieter operation and guarantees an extended lifetime.D-Link GreenD-Link is continuously striving to take the lead in developing innovative technology that allows for power saving without sacrificing operational performance or functionality. The DGS-1210-24 automatically detects the length of connected cables and can adjust power usage by saving energy on shorter cable connections of up to 20 meters. Power saving by link status helps to further save energy by automatically switching ports without a link to sleep mode and thus drastically reducing power consumption. The DGS-1210-24 takes the approach to green IT and power saving one step further by incorporating a special chipset with advanced silicon technology.Seamless IntegrationThe DGS-1210-24 comes with Ethernet and Gigabit copper ports capable of connecting to existing Cat.5 twisted-pair cables. Additionally, the last four ports of the DGS-1210-24 combine SFP and copper connectivity into one port and therefore provide a more flexible solution for upstream or downstream server connections via fiber interface. Using the default presets, the administrator can quickly set up without worrying about reconfiguring any settings and providing easy access for the user.Extensive Layer 2 FeaturesEquipped with a complete lineup of L2 features, this switch includes IGMP Snooping, Port Mirroring, Spanning Tree and Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). The IEEE 802.3x Flow Control function allows servers to directly connect to the switch for fast, reliable data transfer. At 2000Mbps Full Duplex, the Gigabit ports provide high-speed data pipes to servers with minimum data transfer loss. Network maintenance features include Loopback Detection and Cable Diagnostics. Loopback Detection is used to detect loops created by a specific port and automatically shut down the affected port. Cable Diagnostics is designed for network administrators to quickly examine the quality of the copper cables and determine the type of cable error.QoS, Bandwidth ControlThe DGS-1210-24 is perfect for deployment in a VoIP environment, as they support Auto Voice VLAN and Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) QoS for VoIP application. Auto Voice VLAN will automatically place voice traffic from an IP phone to an assig

Web Smart 16-Port Gigabit Switch $354.99 The D-Link DGS-1210-16 is the latest Web Smart switch to feature D-Link Green technology. Equipped with 12 10/100/1000Mbps ports and four combo 10/100/1000BASE-T/SFP ports, the DGS-1210-16 integrates advanced management and security functions that provide performance and scalability. Management options for the DGS-1210-16 include SNMP, Web Management, SmartConsole Utility, and Compact Command Lines, while also supporting ACL filtering and the D-Link Safeguard Engine™. The DGS-1210-16 uses Auto Voice VLAN, ensuring higher priority for voice traffic. The DGS-1210-16 comes in a fanless design with a 19-inch metal case, allowing for quieter operation and guarantees an extended lifetime.D-Link GreenD-Link is continuously striving to take the lead in developing innovative technology that allows for power saving without sacrificing operational performance or functionality. The DGS-1210-16 automatically detects the length of connected cables and can adjust power usage by saving energy on shorter cable connections of up to 20 meters. Power saving by link status helps to further save energy by automatically switching ports without a link to sleep mode and thus drastically reducing power consumption. The DGS-1210-16 takes the approach to green IT and power saving one step further by incorporating a special chipset with advanced silicon technology.Seamless IntegrationThe DGS-1210-16 comes with Ethernet and Gigabit copper ports capable of connecting to existing Cat.5 twisted-pair cables. Additionally, the last four ports of the DGS-1210-16 combine SFP and copper connectivity into one port and therefore provide a more flexible solution for upstream or downstream server connections via fiber interface. Using the default presets, the administrator can quickly set up without worrying about reconfiguring any settings and providing easy access for the user.Extensive Layer 2 FeaturesEquipped with a complete lineup of L2 features, this switch includes IGMP Snooping, Port Mirroring, Spanning Tree and Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). The IEEE 802.3x Flow Control function allows servers to directly connect to the switch for fast, reliable data transfer. At 2000Mbps Full Duplex, the Gigabit ports provide high-speed data pipes to servers with minimum data transfer loss. Network maintenance features include Loopback Detection and Cable Diagnostics. Loopback Detection is used to detect loops created by a specific port and automatically shut down the affected port. Cable Diagnostics is designed for network administrators to quickly examine the quality of the copper cables and determine the type of cable error.QoS, Bandwidth ControlThe DGS-1210-16 is perfect for deployment in a VoIP environment, as they support Auto Voice VLAN and Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) QoS for VoIP application. Auto Voice VLAN will automatically place voice traffic from an IP phone to an assig

Zyxel GS-1524 Gigabit Web Managed Switch $297.99 (4 Total) SFP (mini-GBIC) Shared 1.75" Height x 17.24" Width x 8.46" Depth 10/100/1000Base-T 100 V AC to 240 V AC 110 V AC 2 20 220 V AC 35.7Mpps Forwarding Rate 4 48Gbps Switching Fabric 6.61 lb Web-based management Telnet SNMP v1, v2, v3 DHCP RMON VLAN ZyXEL GS-1524 is a 24-port L2 Gigabit switch with advanced Web-based management support, and it's specially designed for SB/Enterprise networks where extra bandwidth and advanced QoS or security features are required. To cope with the diverse requirements of SB/Enterprise businesses, the ZyXEL GS-1524 Web-managed switch comes with 20 Gigabit copper ports plus 4 dual-personality (RJ-45/SFP) Gigabit ports to provide 48Gbps of non-blocking connectivity for SB/SMB networks. With the flexible multi-function design, GS-1524 fits any network with very little effort. Ethernet Switch GS-1524 GS-1524 Gigabit Web Managed Switch GS1524 Lifetime Power Supply RoHS Yes Zyxel Zyxel Communications Corp. www.us.zyxel.com

Netgear / Netgear Copper Gigabit Ethernet Switch 10/100/1000 8ports Auto-Sensing Auto Uplink/Full Duplex w/Wall-mount Kit Retail / GS108NA $83.03 Netgear - Netgear Copper Gigabit Ethernet Switch 10/100/1000 8ports Auto-Sensing Auto Uplink/Full Duplex w/Wall-mount Kit Retail - GS108NA

D-Link DGS-105 10/100/1000Mbps 5-Port Gigabit Switch $42 Switch Type: Desktop/Wall Mount Standards: IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T Ethernet (twisted-pair copper) IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet (twisted-pair copper) IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet (twistedpair copper) ANSI/IEEE 802.3 NWay auto-negotiation IEEE 802.3x Flow Control IEEE 802.1p QoS IEEE 802.3az Energy-Efficient Ethernet (EEE) Network Management Type: Unmanaged Jumbo Frames: 9000 Bytes Ports: 5 x RJ45 MAC Address Table: 2K Switching Method: Store and Forward Protocols: CSMA/CD

D-Link DGS-108 10/100/1000Mbps 8-Port Gigabit Switch $74.99 Switch Type: Desktop/Wall Mount Standards: IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T Ethernet (twisted-pair copper) IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet (twisted-pair copper) IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet (twistedpair copper) ANSI/IEEE 802.3 NWay auto-negotiation IEEE 802.3x Flow Control IEEE 802.1p QoS IEEE 802.3az Energy-Efficient Ethernet (EEE) Network Management Type: Unmanaged Jumbo Frames: 9000 Bytes Ports: 8 x RJ45 MAC Address Table: 8K Switching Method: Store and Forward Protocols: CSMA/CD

TRENDnet TEG-S224 10/100Mbps Ports + 1000Mbps Uplinks Copper Gigabit Switch $84.99 Switch Type: Rackmount Standards: IEEE 802.3 10Base-T, IEEE 802.3u 100Base-TX, IEEE 802.3ab 1000Base-T,. IEEE 802.3x Full Duplex Flow Control Network Management Type: Unmanaged Jumbo Frames: No Ports: 24 x 10/100Mbps Auto-negotiation MDIX Fast Ethernet Ports 2 x 10/100/1000Mbps Auto-negotiation, Auto-MDIX Gigabit Ports MAC Address Table: 8K Buffer Memory: 2.5MB per device Switching Method: Store and Forward

Cisco / 8PORT GIGABIT SWITCH / SD2008T-NA $82.04 Cisco - 8PORT GIGABIT SWITCH - SD2008T-NA

Cptechnologies 8-Ports GigaBit Switch GSW0807 $49.03 Cptechnologies 8-Ports GigaBit Switch GSW0807

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Cisco Unmanaged Gigabit Desktop Switch $131.99 SG100D 5 port Gigabit Switch

TRENDnet TEG-S160TX 16-Port Gigabit Ethernet Switch $136.99 10% to 90% Non-condensing Operating 10/100/1000Base-T 100 V AC to 240 V AC 110 V AC 128 KB 14°F (-10°C) to 158°F (70°C) Storage 16 220 V AC 328 ft Category 3, 4, 5 STP/UTP 32°F (0°C) to 104°F (40°C) Operating 5 Year Limited 50 Hz to 60 Hz 6.60 lb 8 K MAC Address - 8.27" Height x 17.30" Width x 1.73" Depth Performance: Top performance for gigabit network solutions. Easy Upgrade: Current Ethernet workgroups are able to upgrade to Fast Ethernet by changing adapters and hubs without changing switches. Flexibility: All ports automatically negotiate 10/100/1000 Mbps network speed and Auto-MDIX; easy uplink with any ports. Cost Effective: Provides 10/100/1000Mbps Ethernet Speed at an affordable price. Emission: FCC, CE IEEE 802.3 10Base-T IEEE 802.3u 100Base-TX and 802.3ab 1000Base-T Power Per Port: 3 LEDs Link/Act 1000M 100M Category 3, 4, 5 STP/UTP 10Base-T Category 5 STP/UTP 1000Base-T Category 5 STP/UTP 100Base-TX Ethernet Switch IEEE 802.3x (Full-duplex) Power Supply TEG-S160TX TEG-S160TX 16-Port Gigabit Ethernet Switch TRENDnet TRENDnet's TEG-S160TX is a high performance 16-port rack mountable Copper Gigabit Switch. With auto-negotiation technology, the TEG-S160TX automatically negotiates between 10Base-T, 100Base-TX and 1000Base-T network speeds, as well as half and full duplex modes. The Auto-MDIX feature on each port automatically detects and adjusts connection type with either straight-through or crossover cable. Providing simple migration, scalability, and flexibility to handle new applications and data types, TRENDnet's TEG-S160TX is a highly reliable and cost effective solution for high-speed network applications. Up to 40 W @ Yes www.trendnet.com

TRENDnet TEG-S240TX 24-Port Gigabit Ethernet Switch $181.99 10/100/1000Base-T 14°F (-10°C) to 158°F (70°C) Storage 2 20Gbps Backplane Speed 24 32 K MAC Address - 32°F (0°C) to 104°F (40°C) Operating 5 Year Limited 6.60 lb 8.27" Height x 17.30" Width x 1.73" Depth FCC CE - IEEE 802.3 10Base-T IEEE 802.3u 100Base-TX IEEE 802.3ab 1000Base-T Back Pressure (Half-duplex) Category 5 UTP Ethernet Switch Features: Integrated address Look-Up Engine, supports 32k absolute MAC Address Extensive Front Panel Diagnostic LEDs Broadcast Storm protection Cabling: Ethernet: Cat. 3, 4, 5, UTP/STP. EIA/TIA-568 100 ohm, 100 meters max. Fast Ethernet: Cat. 5, UTP/STP, EIA/TIA-568 100 ohm, 100 meters max. Gigabit Ethernet: Cat.5 or better, UTP/STP, EIA/TIA-568 100ohm, 100 meters max. Topology: Star Filtering Address Table: 8K entries per device IEEE 802.3x (Full-duplex) Not Applicable TEG-S240TX TEG-S240TX 24-Port Gigabit Ethernet Switch TRENDnet TRENDnet's TEG-S240TX is a high performance 24-port rack mountable Copper Gigabit Switch. With auto-negotiation technology, the TEG-S240TX automatically negotiates between 10Base-T, 100Base-TX and 1000Base-T network speeds, as well as half and full duplex modes. The Auto-MDIX feature on each port automatically detects and adjusts connection type with either straight-through or crossover cable. Providing simple migration, scalability, and flexibility to handle new applications and data types, TRENDnet's TEG-S240TX is a highly reliable and cost effective solution for high-speed network applications. Yes www.trendnet.com

5-Port Gigabit Switch - switch - 5 ports - desktop $44.99 Belkin 5-Port Gigabit Switch - Switch - 5 x 10/100/1000 - desktop

SMC EZ Switch SMCGS24C-SMART Switch - 24 Ports - EN, Fast EN, Gigabit EN - 10Base-T, 100Base-TX, 1000Base-T + 4 x Shared SFP (empty). Each $322.44 Manufacturer: SMC Networks. Each. SMC Networks' EZ Switch 10/100/1000 (SMCGS24C-Smart) is a 24-port gigabit smart switch with 4 combo ports that bring the speed of gigabit copper to the desktop with the added flexibility of fiber. SMCGS24C-Smart provides

Cisco SG 100D-08 Unmanaged Gigabit Switch $151.74 SG100D 8 port Gigabit Switch

TRENDnet Managed Layer 2 Gigabit TEG-S811Fi 10/100Mbps + 1000Mbps Switch with Gigabit Copper and Mini-GBIC Slot $183.99 Standards: IEEE802.3, IEEE802.3u, IEEE802.3ab, IEEE802.3z Ports: 8 x 10/100TX Ports RJ-45 with Auto MDI/MDI-X Function 1 x 10/100/1000T Ports RJ-45 with Auto MDI/MDI-X Function 1 x Gigabit Fiber Mini-GBIC 1 x RS-232 DB-9 Connector for Switch Management MAC Address Table: 8K Buffer Memory: 1MB Protocols: CSMA/CD Security: Port security: Supports 100 static MAC Address Entries And 100 MAC Filter Entries IP Security: Supports 10 Permitted Access IP Addresses Login Security: Support IEEE802.1X Authentication/RADIUS Cabling: Network: 10Base-T: 2-pair UTP/STP Cat. 3, 4, 5 Cable EIA/TIA-568 100-ohm (100m) 100Base-TX: 2-pair UTP/STP Cat. 5/ 5E Cable EIA/TIA-568 100-ohm (100m) Optional: LC (Multi-Mode): 50/125um~62.5/125um LC (Single Mode): 9/125um~10/125um Available Distance: 2KM (Multi-mode) / 30...

Web Smart 8-Port Gigabit PoE Switch $425.99 The D-Link DGS-1210-10P is the latest Web Smart switch to feature D-Link Green technology. Equipped with 8 10/100/1000Mbps PoE ports and two combo 10/100/1000BASE-T/SFP ports, the DGS-1210-10P integrates advanced management and security functions that provide performance and scalability. Management options for the DGS-1210-10P include SNMP, Web Management, SmartConsole Utility, and Compact Command Lines. The series also supports ACL filtering and the D-Link Safeguard Engine™. The DGS-1210-10P uses Auto Voice VLAN, ensuring higher priority for voice traffic. The DGS-1210-10P comes with a fanless design in a compact 13-inch desktop enclosure, which allows for quieter operation and guarantees an extended lifetime.D-Link GreenD-Link is continuously striving to take the lead in developing innovative technology that allows for power saving without sacrificing operational performance or functionality. The DGS-1210-10P automatically detects the length of connected cables and can adjust power usage by saving energy on shorter cable connections of up to 20 meters. Power saving by link status helps to further save energy by automatically switching ports without a link to sleep mode and thus drastically reducing power consumption. The DGS-1210-10P takes the approach to green IT and power saving one step further by incorporating a special chipset with advanced silicon technology.Seamless IntegrationThe DGS-1210-10P comes with Ethernet and Gigabit copper ports capable of connecting to existing Cat.5 twisted-pair cables. Additionally, the last two ports of the DGS-1210-10P combine SFP and copper connectivity into one port and therefore provide a more flexible solution for upstream or downstream server connections via fiber interface. Using the default presets, the administrator can quickly set up without worrying about reconfiguring any settings and providing easy access for the user.Extensive Layer 2 FeaturesEquipped with a complete lineup of L2 features, these switches include IGMP Snooping, Port Mirroring, Spanning Tree and Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). The IEEE 802.3x Flow Control function allows servers to directly connect to the switch for fast, reliable data transfer. At 2000Mbps Full Duplex, the Gigabit ports provide high-speed data pipes to servers with minimum data transfer loss. Network maintenance features include Loopback Detection and Cable Diagnostics. Loopback Detection is used to detect loops created by a specific port and automatically shut down the affected port. Cable Diagnostics is designed for network administrators to quickly examine the quality of the copper cables and determine the type of cable error.QoS, Bandwidth ControlThe switch is perfect for deployment in a VoIP environment, as they support Auto Voice VLAN and Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) QoS for VoIP application. Auto Voice VLAN will automatically place voi

Intellinet 524117 5Port Gigabit Ethernet Switch with 5 Voltage DC $54.29 5Port Gigabit Ethernet Switch